If you fail the permit test, how soon can you take it again?

Waiting periods, attempt limits and repeat charges

Where an agency states its rule as one sentence covering the wait, the attempt limit and the charge together, that whole sentence sits in the first column and the other two stay open rather than being carved up by us. Several rows also cover the road test, because the agency publishes both rules in the same breath.

Where the record is incomplete

One note per jurisdiction with an empty cell, naming what was looked for and where. Retake waits are the figure most often repeated online without a source, so these are the rows we are least willing to fill from anywhere but the agency itself.

• Alabama

  ALEA publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else ALEA does not publish: ALEA does not publish the question count or the passing score for the Class D knowledge test. Re-checked 28 August 2026 by reading the ALEA Driver Manual (December 2024 edition, the current edition posted at alea.gov) in full: its Knowledge Test section gives only the $5 per attempt fee, the no-checks rule, the subject matter, and a note that automated testing is available to all applicants, with no question count or passing score anywhere in the document. Also checked the same day: the Document Requirements and Fees page at https://www.alea.gov/dps/driver-license/document-requirements-and-fees (permit and license fees, no test format), the Graduated Driver License page at https://www.alea.gov/dps/driver-license/license-and-id-cards/graduated-driver-license (confirms the 50 hour supervised driving requirement and the 6 month holding period, no test format), the STAR ID FAQ (no REAL ID surcharge stated either way), and Alabama Administrative Code chapters 760-X-1 and 760-X-20 at https://admincode.legislature.state.al.us. Alabama runs no official online practice test that would state the format. The 30 question and 24 correct figures used on this page remain the common prep-industry numbers and carry no ALEA confirmation.

• Alaska

  DMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

• Arizona

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Arizona Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Division pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Arkansas

  ASP publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else ASP does not publish: Partly confirmed. Re-checked 28 August 2026, this time reading the Arkansas Driver License Study Guide (Arkansas State Police, September 2024 printing) in full: it confirms the $5 per written examination fee under Act 1289 of 2015, the 2 year Instruction Permit validity, the 14 year minimum age, and the 6 month restricted period on both the Learner's License and the Intermediate License, but nowhere states the number of questions or the passing score for the real knowledge exam, and sets no required number of supervised driving hours, only the 6 month holding clock. Also checked the same day: the DFA Licenses, IDs and Permits pages, the Non-Commercial Information and Real ID pages (no REAL ID surcharge stated, no dollar figure published for the Instruction Permit itself), and Arkansas Code 27-16-804. Also previously confirmed on 27 August 2026: the Arkansas State Police official practice test, linked from https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/driver-examination/official-arkansas-driver-license-practice-test/ and served from https://quiz.ark.org/quiz/1, builds every attempt from 25 questions chosen at random out of the ASP driver license knowledge test and the study guide. NOT confirmed: the ASP nowhere publishes the question count or the passing score of the real written exam, and no dollar fee is published for the Instruction Permit or the Learner's/Intermediate License beyond the $5 exam charge. The 20 of 25 pass mark and 25 question count shown here remain prep-industry figures with no ASP confirmation.

• California

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Connecticut

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Delaware

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Delaware Division of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• District of Columbia

  DC DMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else DC DMV does not publish: Question count indicated but not stated, pass mark not published at all, last checked 28 August 2026. DC DMV publishes no question count and no passing score in prose. We read the knowledge tests page at https://dmv.dc.gov/service/knowledge-tests, the driver manual page at https://dmv.dc.gov/node/1115302, the practice test page at https://dmv.dc.gov/node/1118467, the learner permits and provisional licenses page, the driver testing and driver education pages, the virtual knowledge test press release, the permit prep bootcamp press release, and the DC Office of Documents record for 18 DCMR 104, Applicants for Driver Licenses, at https://dcregs.dc.gov/Common/DCMR/SectionList.aspx?SectionNumber=18-104. None of them gives a number of items or a score. The one official pointer to a count is DC DMV's own practice knowledge test, linked from its practice test page, which is laid out as 25 questions with a 60 minute limit, matching the 60 minute limit DC publishes for the standard non commercial knowledge test; the English and French editions of that practice test both show 25. DC DMV states that the practice test does not contain real exam questions, so it evidences the shape of the exam rather than proving it, and the separate GRAD or learner permit test for applicants aged 16 to 20 runs 75 minutes with no published length. The 25 questions and 20 correct stored here are our best information rather than a verified fact, and the pass mark in particular is our own 80 percent assumption. This pass added the GRAD License Program page at https://dmv.dc.gov/service/graduated-license-program, the Certification of Eligibility page at https://dmv.dc.gov/publication/certification-eligibility-provisional-and-full-licensesconditions-0, the REAL ID learner permit page, the Driver License Fees page, and the Road Skills Test Requirements page, which supplied the 6 month and 40 hour Provisional License requirements, permit validity, fees, and road test process, but none of them names a knowledge test question count either.

• Florida

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Florida Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Georgia

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Georgia Department of Driver Services pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

  What else DDS does not publish: Confirmed with Georgia DDS: the exam is two separate 20 question tests, Road Signs and Road Rules, each needing a minimum score of 15 out of 20 to pass. Georgia publishes no single combined figure, so the 40 questions and 30 correct stored above are a composite total used only for comparison across states, not an official single pass threshold.

• Idaho

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Illinois

  SOS publishes the waiting period shown but not whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else SOS does not publish: Illinois already meets verifiedNumbers (35 questions, 28 to pass, confirmed 27 August 2026 against 92 Ill. Adm. Code 1030.80(b) and the Rules of the Road Review Course workbook, form DSD DS 9). This pass, 28 August 2026, restructured permitValidity, minimumPermitAge, permitHoldingPeriodMonths, supervisedHours, retakeRule, and onlineTesting from that same already-confirmed record rather than a fresh visit: both www.ilga.gov and www.ilsos.gov (and the cyberdriveillinois.com alias) refused every connection attempted today, returning a WAF Access Denied page in the browser and HTTP 403 or a direct connection refusal to a fetch tool, across roughly a dozen attempts on different URLs and both tools. Illinois SOS driver license, instruction permit, and road test dollar fee amounts, and roadTestNotes describing the road test itself, could not be confirmed on an official source this pass and are omitted rather than sourced from the test-prep and cost-estimate blogs that a general web search otherwise surfaced for those numbers. A follow-up pass should retry ilsos.gov or ilga.gov once reachable to add road test notes and confirmed fee figures.

• Indiana

  BMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else BMV does not publish: Pass mark confirmed, question count not published. Officially confirmed: the exam has two multiple choice components, one on traffic signs and one on traffic rules and laws, and an applicant must score 80% or higher on each component separately. That wording appears on the BMV knowledge exam page at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/learners-permits-and-drivers-licenses-overview/learners-permit/knowledge-exam/ and again in Chapter 9 of the Indiana Driver's Manual at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/files/Drivers_Manual_Chapter_9.pdf. Also confirmed from the same page: results are valid 180 days, a failed knowledge exam can be retaken the next business day, a failed skills exam carries a seven day wait, and three skills failures on one permit mean a two month wait. Not confirmed: the 50 question total and the 40 correct figure held in this file, and the 16 sign plus 34 traffic split quoted by prep sites. The full 2026 Indiana Driver's Manual at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/files/drivers-manual.pdf was downloaded and searched end to end. Its Chapter 1 KNOWLEDGE EXAM section gives the exam's purpose, who must take it and the retake rule, but states neither a question count nor a percentage. The only place a count appears anywhere in the manual is Chapter 9, where the for-hire endorsement exam and the motor driven cycle endorsement exam are each described as 25 questions with five allowed wrong. Those are endorsement exams, not the car knowledge exam, which shows the omission for the car exam is deliberate rather than an oversight. Also checked and empty: the BMV Practice Knowledge Examination PDF at https://www.in.gov/bmv/files/practice-knowledge-exam.pdf, the BMV driver education provider resources page, which carries skills test forms only, and the official Indiana FAQ portal at https://faqs.in.gov, whose knowledge exam entries all concern motorcycle endorsements. The BMV would have to supply the component sizes directly. Re-checked 2026-08-28 against the same BMV pages: the 80% per-component pass mark and retake rules stand, and no page states a question count for the car knowledge exam, so the 50 and 40 figures in this file remain an unconfirmed placeholder rather than an official number. Newly confirmed this pass, all from in.gov: the minimum permit age paths, the 180 day (about six month) holding period before a probationary license, the 50 hour and 10 night hour supervised driving requirement with its daylight-only exception, the BMV Fee Chart revised 1/1/26 (learner's permit $9.00, driver's license $17.50 under 75), and the driving skills exam's vehicle inspection and driver-assistance shutoff rules. Not confirmed: the learner's permit's own validity period. The BMV's Learner's Permit and Renewing pages both describe permits as something that "expires" and must be renewed, and the Knowledge Exam page ties a knowledge-exam retake to a permit "expired more than 180 days," but neither page states the permit's total validity duration. A non-official search summary pointed to Indiana Code 9-24-12-0.5 for a two year figure, but iga.in.gov could not be read directly in this session to confirm that citation against the current code text, so no permit validity figure is recorded here. Also not found: a separate REAL ID surcharge on the Fee Chart.

• Iowa

  Iowa DOT publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else Iowa DOT does not publish: Neither number is published for the real exam, and Iowa's own rules explain why. Iowa Administrative Code 761-604.20(1), read in the current chapter 604 text at https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/chapter/02-19-2025.761.604.pdf, provides that a knowledge test may be revised at any time and that each test states its own minimum passing score. Iowa therefore fixes no statewide question count or pass percentage in rule, so no official source can state one. The same rule confirms two facts used above: 604.20(4) sets the validity of a passing score at 180 days, and 604.20(5) leaves retesting after a failure to the examiner's discretion. Rule 604.22, which formerly covered knowledge test results, was rescinded by ARC 5048C effective 8 July 2020. What Iowa DOT does state, on its Iowa Driver's License Practice Test page at https://iowadot.gov/drivers-licenses-ids/driver-education/manuals-practice-tests/take-practice-test, is that the practice test generates 25 questions drawn at random from a larger group that includes questions from the real knowledge test, and that a score of 80% or higher is needed to pass. That sentence describes the practice test, not the official exam, so the 25 and 20 figures in this file are a best guess anchored to the only official numbers Iowa prints. Also checked and empty on both numbers: the Online Permit Test (Skip the Trip) page, which covers eligibility, the proctor application and the 72 hour link expiry but no test format; Iowa DOT form 431508, Application to Proctor Knowledge Exam, hosted at iowadot.forms.govos.com, which is a signature form with no test description; Chapter 1 of the current Iowa Driver's Manual; and the Prepare for Your Driving Test page. The 35 question and 28 correct figures circulating on prep sites appear in no Iowa DOT source and were not adopted. iowadot.gov and ia.iowadot.gov block automated access behind Cloudflare, so those pages were read through Internet Archive captures dated 4 and 13 August 2026. Re-checked 2026-08-28 directly against the current Iowa Code and Iowa Administrative Code text on legis.iowa.gov (iowadot.gov itself still returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches): 761-604.20 confirms, in its own words, that "a test may be revised at any time but each test states the minimum passing score," that a passing score is valid for 180 days, and that retesting is left to the examiner's discretion, all of which matches the earlier finding and rules out a fixed statewide question count or pass percentage for the operator knowledge test. The 25 and 20 figures in this file remain anchored to the DOT's own practice test rather than to a stated total for the real exam. Newly confirmed this pass, from Iowa Code 321.180B and 321.191: the instruction permit's 4 year validity running to the birthday anniversary in the year of issuance, the 20 hour and 2 night hour supervised driving requirement (with hours defined as "after sunset and before sunrise") before the intermediate license, the $6.00 instruction permit fee, and the noncommercial license fee schedule. Also confirmed, from Iowa Administrative Code 761-604.31: Iowa waives the in-person driving skills test for graduates of an Iowa-approved driver education course other than one taught by a parent, unless a parent, guardian, or instructor requests one; a driving test is never required to obtain the instruction permit itself.

• Kansas

  DOV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Kentucky

  KYTC publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else KYTC does not publish: Pass mark confirmed, question count not published. The 80% minimum is stated on KYTC's official graduated licensing page at https://drive.ky.gov/Drivers/Pages/GDLP.aspx and again in the Written Test section of the current Kentucky Driver Manual published by Kentucky State Police, updated 23 July 2026, at https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Kentucky-Driver-Manual_Updated_7-23-26.pdf. That manual was downloaded and searched end to end: it describes what the written test covers, the languages it is offered in, the tablet based audio administration and the oral option, and it gives the 80% figure, but at no point does it state how many questions the test contains. Not confirmed: the total number of questions, so the 40 and 32 figures in this file are unverified. The Kentucky State Police driver testing page at https://www.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/driver-testing is likewise silent on the count and directs the public to [email protected] or 800-542-5990 for test details. The regulations do not fill the gap. The full list of regulations in 601 KAR Chapter 12 at https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/601/012/ was reviewed: the only current ones touching testing are 601 KAR 12:020 on retesting after an expired, transferred or suspended license, and 601 KAR 12:120 on visual acuity and visual field testing. Neither sets the format of the written exam, and KRS 186.480 describes who examines applicants rather than the shape of the exam. Only KSP can supply the question count. Re-checked 2026-08-28 against the same drive.ky.gov page and against KRS 186.450 on apps.legislature.ky.gov (current text, effective March 25, 2025): the 80% pass mark and both retake rules stand, and the question count is still absent from every Kentucky Transportation Cabinet and Kentucky State Police source checked, so the 40 and 32 figures in this file remain unconfirmed. Newly confirmed this pass: the instruction permit's 4 year validity (2 years for a chauffeur's permit, 1 year and non-renewable for a motorcycle permit) directly from KRS 186.450(3)(a); the age-tiered holding period before an operator's license, which runs 180 days for an applicant who starts the permit between 16 and 20 but only 30 days for one who starts at 21 or older; and the fee schedule across the permit, intermediate license, and full 4 year license, each with its own REAL ID surcharge amount.

• Louisiana

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Louisiana Office of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Maine

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Maine Bureau of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Maryland

  MVA states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Massachusetts

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Michigan

  SOS publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else SOS does not publish: Neither number is published by the state, so the 50 and 40 figures in this file come from driver training sites rather than the Michigan Department of State and must not be presented as official. Sources checked, all silent on both the count and any percentage: the Secretary of State page for new drivers 18 and older at https://www.michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-18-older, whose collapsed panels for the online and in office knowledge tests were opened and read in full and give only the two section structure and the approximate 45 and 15 minute section timings; the companion page for new drivers under 18 at https://www.michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-under-18; What Every Driver Must Know, which describes the written knowledge and road sign tests without a count or a percentage; the Secretary of State licenses and ID FAQs; the department's 2 July 2025 news release announcing online testing, which confirms the two sections and the retake rules but no count; and the Michigan pages of KnowTo Drive at https://knowtodrive.com/michigan/, the vendor operating the state's official online test, which carry no test format detail at all. Michigan prep sites also contradict one another, variously reporting 50 questions with 40 correct, 50 with 38, and 25 plus 25 with 20 correct on each half, which is consistent with no published figure existing. Confirmed and used above: the two section structure, both sections having to be passed, the roughly 45 and 15 minute timings, the one year validity of a passed test, the 6.50 dollar online fee, the computer and webcam requirements for online testing, two online attempts per calendar day, a failing in office score ending the session and requiring a new appointment, the free in office retest after passing one section and failing the other, the 70% pass mark on both the Segment 1 and the Segment 2 state exams, and enrolment in Segment 1 opening at 14 years and 8 months. michigan.gov refuses automated fetches with HTTP 403, so these pages were read in a real browser session. Re-checked 2026-08-28 directly on michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-under-18 (michigan.gov still returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, so this pass used a live browser session, as the prior pass did): the two-section, 45 and 15 minute structure and the absence of a published question count or pass percentage both stand. Newly confirmed this pass: the Level 1 License runs until age 18 rather than for a fixed term; the 14 years 9 months minimum age and 14 years 8 months Segment 1 enrollment age; the six consecutive month hold at both the Level 1 to Level 2 and Level 2 to Level 3 steps; the staged supervised-hours structure of 30 hours (2 at night) before Segment 2 and 50 hours (10 at night) before the driving skills test; the $25.00 Level 1 licensing fee; and, from the driving skills test page, that driver-activated systems such as self-parking or self-driving features must be switched off for the test. Not confirmed: the standard first-time or renewal operator license fee and any REAL ID surcharge amount. MCL 257.811, the statute that sets those fees, is hosted on legislature.mi.gov, which blocked this session's access outright ("Attack blocked by web application protection"), and no Michigan Department of State page checked in either pass states those figures directly.

• Minnesota

  DVS publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

• Mississippi

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Mississippi Department of Public Safety, Driver Service Bureau pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

  What else DPS does not publish: Pass mark confirmed, question count not. The 80 percent grade is official: the Mississippi Administrative Code, Title 31 Part 1, Driver Services Administrative Code, Rule 2.3(9) (https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000383c.pdf) requires a grade of 80 percent on any and all tests issued for a Temporary Permit and states that the questions are taken from the Mississippi Driver Manual. No Mississippi source gives a question count. Checked in full and rejected as sources for a count: the current Driver's License Manual revised 1.15.2025 (https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/sites/default/files/2025-02/1.15.2025%20Revised%20MDPS%20Driver's%20Manual.pdf), whose section titled The Examination defines the Computerized Exam without a count or a percentage; the earlier 2023 manual; the whole of the Driver Services Administrative Code, where the only numeric test rules are the road test retest waits; the Driver Service Bureau's Regular Learner's Permit page (https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Drivers/Learners_Permit), its Class R page and its frequently asked questions page; and the Mississippi PEER Committee's review of the DPS Driver Service Bureau, report 638, which covers knowledge testing operations but never states the test length. The 30 question and 24 correct figures kept here so a practice test can run come from driver training sites, not from Mississippi. Everything else in this record, including the fee table, the fifteen year old minimum age, the one year permit hold, the two year exam validity, the age twenty-one supervision rule, the fifty hour affidavit, the out-of-state exam waiver, the six month ban after cheating and the July 1, 2027 driver education requirement, was read directly from Mississippi DPS documents. Revisited 28 August 2026 against the Driver Service Bureau's Class R and Learner's Permit pages: still no published question count, but that visit did confirm in the agency's own words that no road test is required for a regular license, and surfaced the Waiver of Road Test Affidavit filed by 16 year old applicants, both now recorded in roadTestNotes.

• Missouri

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Missouri Department of Revenue, Driver License Bureau pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Montana

  MVD publishes the waiting period shown but not whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else MVD does not publish: Pass thresholds confirmed, question count only inferred. The Administrative Rules of Montana 23.3.121 (https://rules.mt.gov/gateway/ruleno.asp?RN=23.3.121) is the active version, effective 15 July 1983 to the present, and it sets the written test scoring: the maximum score for each written test is 100 percent, a wrong answer costs 5 points on the operator rules test with a minimum passing score of 75, a wrong answer costs 10 points on the signs test with a minimum passing score of 80, a wrong answer costs 3.3 points on the chauffeur rules test with a minimum passing score of 76.9, and on the combined operator and signs test 7 or fewer wrong is a pass. No question count is stated anywhere in the rule. The 20 and 10 question figures, and so the 30 question combined test used here so a practice test can run, are arithmetic from those point deductions rather than a published count, so treat them as an informed inference. Everything else in subchapter 23.3.1 was reviewed, including 23.3.111 on examination procedures and standards, 23.3.112 on the order of steps in examining, 23.3.118 on the vision test, 23.3.124 on road test scoring, 23.3.126 on retest limits and 23.3.145 on examiner duties, and none gives a written test length. Both official manuals were read end to end and give none either: the Montana Driver Manual and the 2023 Adapted Illustrated Montana Driver Manual (https://opi.mt.gov/Portals/182/Page%20Files/Driver%20Education/2023.Revision.Adapted.Illustrated.Montana.Driver.Manual.pdf), which describes the written test only as a check on knowledge of safe driving, traffic laws, rules and signs. Two caveats worth knowing: rule 23.3.121 dates from 1983 and still refers to a chauffeur rules test that Montana no longer issues, so the modern computerised exam may not map onto it exactly, and dojmt.gov sits behind Cloudflare and refuses every automated and browser request from outside the United States, so the Department of Justice licensing pages could not be read directly and the manuals were taken from the Montana Office of Public Instruction, which publishes them for the state traffic education programme. Revisited 28 August 2026: dojmt.gov still refuses the request and gave no new source. That visit also turned up driving-test prep sites publishing an unsourced 33 question, 27 correct, 82 percent format found in no Montana rule, manual, or state document, which this record does not use for the same reason the unrelated 82 percent figure above was already rejected.

• Nebraska

  DMV publishes the waiting period shown but not whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

• Nevada

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• New Hampshire

  No retake rule could be confirmed on New Hampshire Division of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• New Jersey

  MVC states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• New Mexico

  MVD publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else MVD does not publish: The pass mark is confirmed, the question count is not. Section E of Chapter 11 of the MVD Driver Procedures Manual, at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-11-road-and-written-test-requirements/, states that all class D and M written test scores must be 70 percent or better, and the same chapter confirms the eight testing languages and the one week wait after a failed road test. It gives no question count. Five further official pages were read in full with the same result: Chapter 3 on instructional permits at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-3-instructional-permit/, the learner permit page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/nm-drivers-licenses-ids/drivers-license/apply-for-a-learners-permit/, the driver license page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/nm-drivers-licenses-ids/drivers-license/, the MVD frequently asked questions page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/resources/frequently-asked-questions/, and the full text of the official New Mexico Driver Manual PDF at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/English-Drivers-Manualver11.19.19.pdf, whose only reference to the exam is that a permit applicant must pass the knowledge test. 18.19.5 NMAC was also checked; its only written test percentage is the 80 percent bar it sets for commercial knowledge tests. Two unofficial counts circulate and neither is an MVD publication: driver training sites say 25 questions, while MVD Now, a private New Mexico MVD partner office, says 28 on its knowledge exam page at https://www.mvdnow.com/knowledge-exam/. This file therefore keeps 25 questions and 18 correct purely as a runnable default. The MVD server sits behind a CloudFront rule that blocks requests from outside the United States, so every MVD page and the manual were read through Wayback Machine captures of those official URLs on 27 August 2026. A follow up pass on 28 August 2026 reached the same MVD pages through a text extraction proxy, since MVD's CloudFront rule again blocked direct access and this session's Wayback Machine access was unavailable. That pass confirmed the four year permit validity, the fifteen year minimum age, the six month hold before a provisional license, the fifty hour and ten night hour supervised driving requirement, the ten dollar permit fee, the eighteen and thirty four dollar license fees with no separate REAL ID line, and that no MVD page names an online knowledge testing option. The question count and no sign specific scoring rule remain unconfirmed on any MVD page.

• New York

  No retake rule could be confirmed on New York Department of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• North Carolina

  NCDMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else NCDMV does not publish: The pass mark is confirmed, the question count is not. North Carolina rule 19A NCAC 03B .0201, published by the state Office of Administrative Hearings at http://reports.oah.state.nc.us/ncac/title%2019a%20-%20transportation/chapter%2003%20-%20division%20of%20motor%20vehicles/subchapter%20b/19a%20ncac%2003b%20.0201.html and readopted 1 November 2021, requires 80 percent of the knowledge questions to be answered correctly and requires a regular Class C applicant to identify 9 of 12 road signs on the separate sign examination. The NCDOT copy of the same rule at https://www.ncdot.gov/about-us/how-we-operate/policy-process/rules/Documents/19b-ncac-03b-201.pdf was read line by line and carries identical wording, with no question count anywhere in it. Three further official sources give no count either: the NCDMV driver license tests page at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Pages/driver-license-tests.aspx, the full text of the official North Carolina Driver Handbook PDF at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Documents/nc-driver-handbook.pdf, whose Knowledge Test section runs to two sentences and mentions only subject matter and audio testing, and the NCDMV sample test questions page at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Pages/test.aspx, which offers nine illustrative questions and never claims to match the real exam length. All checked 27 August 2026. The 25 question figure here comes from driver education sources; the confirmed 80 percent bar applied to 25 questions gives the 20 correct shown. A follow up pass on 28 August 2026 read G.S. 20-11 and G.S. 20-7 in full and confirmed the 15 year minimum age, the nine month Level One hold, the 60 hour and 10 night hour driving log, the permit's validity until age 18, the $25.50 permit fee, the $6.50 per year license fee, and that NCDMV lists no REAL ID surcharge and no online testing option for the knowledge or sign tests. The question count and any per attempt retake fee or cap remain unconfirmed on an official page.

• Ohio

  Ohio BMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Oregon

  Oregon DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Pennsylvania

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Rhode Island

  RI DMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application or whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else RI DMV does not publish: Confirmed by the RI DMV: the question count. The Rhode Island Driver's Manual (https://dmv.ri.gov/media/966/download?language=en) sets the computerized knowledge exam at 40 multiple choice questions with a 90 minute maximum. Reconfirmed 2026-08-28 against the DMV's own Knowledge Exams page (https://dmv.ri.gov/licenses-permits-ids/permits-tests/knowledge-exams) and New License Permits page (https://dmv.ri.gov/licenses-permits-ids/permits-tests/new-license-permits), which confirm the Cranston testing site, the English, Spanish and Portuguese options, the printed foreign language exam process, the 8 day wait after a failure, the 1 year permit validity, the 6 month holding period, and the 50 hour (10 at night) supervised driving requirement. Not confirmed by the DMV: the pass mark. Neither page states a percentage or a minimum number of correct answers, and the live DMV site sits behind a bot check that blocked a direct re-read of the manual PDF today. The only state source that gives a figure is the Community College of Rhode Island, which administers the RI DMV Knowledge Test as the final exam of the mandatory driver education course and tells students they need a passing score of 70 percent (https://www.ccri.edu/workforce/transportation/DriverEd.html). The 28 of 40 shown here is that 70 percent applied to the DMV's confirmed 40 questions, so it rests on CCRI rather than on the DMV and verifiedNumbers stays false until the DMV publishes the mark itself. Also not confirmed: a fixed permit fee for applicants 18 and older, or any knowledge test retake fee; only the under 18 Limited Instruction Permit fee of $13.50 was found on the fee schedule checked today.

• South Carolina

  SCDMV publishes the waiting period shown but not a limit on attempts per application. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else SCDMV does not publish: Confirmed by SCDMV: the pass mark of 80 percent. It appears on SCDMV's own Driver's License Practice Exam at https://apps.sc.gov/DLPracticeExam/regdl/startexam, where the score screen states that 80 percent or higher is needed to pass the exam (checked 2026-08-27). Also confirmed by SCDMV, rechecked 2026-08-28: the $2 per knowledge test fee and the $2.50 beginner's permit fee, the minimum age of 15, and the 180 day and 30 day holding periods, all on the Beginner's Permit page (https://dmv.sc.gov/driver-services/drivers-license/beginner-permits); the 40 hour, 10 hours at night supervised driving requirement, which is sourced correctly to the Teenage Drivers page (https://dmv.sc.gov/driver-services/drivers-license/teenage-drivers) rather than the Beginner's Permit page; and the rule on the Driving Tests page that the knowledge test may be taken at any branch with no manuals or electronic devices in the testing area. Because the 80 percent sentence sits on a practice exam score screen rather than on a licensing page, it is treated as strong but informal. Not confirmed: the number of questions. SCDMV states it nowhere. The current Driver's Manual PDF (dmv.sc.gov/sites/scdmv/files/2026-04/Driver's Manual.pdf) was downloaded and its full text searched today, all 141 pages, and the word question does not appear anywhere in it, nor does the phrase knowledge test; it is pure rules of the road content with no exam logistics. The governing statutes at https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t56c001.php (S.C. Code 56-1-130 and 56-1-15) fix what the examination must cover without fixing a length or a score, and a search of that statute chapter's text for the word hours turns up no 40 hour supervised driving requirement either, confirming that rule lives on the DMV's Teenage Drivers page and its DL-008A and DMVB-35 forms, not in the code. The 30 question figure comes from driver education sources only, so it is carried as a best known default and verifiedNumbers stays false. Also not confirmed today: how long the beginner's permit itself stays valid before it must be renewed, and the fee for a full Class D license or a REAL ID surcharge; no SCDMV page checked today states those figures.

• South Dakota

  SD DPS publishes the waiting period shown but not whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else SD DPS does not publish: Confirmed by SD DPS: the pass mark. The Driver License Testing Information page (https://www.sd.gov/dps?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB0043731) states plainly, in its 'How do I get my driver's license?' answer, that applicants must pass a knowledge test with a score of 80% or higher and applies the same 80 percent bar to the driving test. The same page, rechecked 2026-08-28, confirms testing is by appointment, that no sample test is offered, the next working day retest rule, the three attempts per fee inside a six month period, and a 30 day wait after a serious road test infraction. The Driver Licensing Information for Teen Drivers and Parents page (KB0043735, rechecked 2026-08-28) confirms the age 14 permit, the 275 and 180 day holding periods, and the 50 hour supervised driving requirement with 10 hours at night and 10 in inclement weather. Not confirmed: the number of questions. The current South Dakota Driver's License Manual was downloaded and its full text searched today, all 72 pages, and the word question does not appear anywhere in it, nor does 80% or the word pass; it is pure rules of the road content with no exam logistics. The teen graduated licensing brochure does not give a count either, and the DPS application form records the non commercial knowledge result only as pass, fail or waived. The 25 question figure comes from driver education sources only, so it is carried as a best known default and verifiedNumbers stays false. Also not confirmed: a fixed validity period for the Instruction Permit itself; the teen driver page describes the holding period and hour requirements but not an expiration date. One practical trap for anyone rechecking this: the Driver's License Manual link on the DPS testing page serves the driver license application form, not the manual. The working manual link is on the manuals article at https://www.sd.gov/dps?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB0043733.

• Tennessee

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Texas

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Texas Department of Public Safety pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Utah

  DLD states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Vermont

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Virginia

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Washington

  No retake rule could be confirmed on Washington State Department of Licensing pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• West Virginia

  No retake rule could be confirmed on West Virginia Division of Motor Vehicles pages. Waiting periods for this state appear on test preparation sites without a source, and a wait that turns out to be wrong costs a wasted trip, so nothing is shown here.

• Wisconsin

  DMV states the wait, any attempt limit and any repeat charge as one rule rather than separately. That whole statement is in the first column, and the other two are left open rather than being carved up by us.

• Wyoming

  WYDOT publishes the waiting period shown but not whether a retake is charged again. An unstated limit is not the same as no limit, so those cells stay open.

  What else WYDOT does not publish: Confirmed by WYDOT: the pass mark of 80 percent. The Driver Services re examination page (https://www.dot.state.wy.us/home/driver_license_records/driver_Review/re-examinations.html) states that the written test must be passed with a minimum score of 80 percent in order to proceed to the driving skills test, and adds that a paper test may be given to applicants who are uncomfortable with computers (rechecked 2026-08-28). The Testing page and Frequently Asked Questions page, also rechecked 2026-08-28, confirm two attempts at the same written test in one day, the Class C permit and license fee of $45 ($40 plus a $5 technology fee), and that there is no separate testing fee. The Learner Permits page confirms the age 15 minimum, the 1 year permit validity, the 10 day hold before full driving privileges, and the 50 hour (10 at night) supervised driving requirement for the intermediate permit. Not confirmed: the number of questions. The WYDOT testing page, the driver licensing FAQ page and the correct current 2021 Wyoming Class C driver manual (the 20.48 MB file at dot.state.wy.us; a similarly named file is the separate 6.32 MB motorcycle manual) all describe the written test without a count. That Class C manual's full text was searched today, all 98 pages, and neither question nor 80% nor the missing 13 or more questions retake detail recorded in an earlier pass of this file could be located in its machine readable text, so that detail could not be independently reconfirmed today; it is left in place rather than removed since nothing contradicts it, and it may sit in a graphic panel that text extraction cannot read. The 2012 filed WYDOT licensing rules at https://wyoleg.gov/arules/2012/rules/ARR24-032.pdf are a scanned image whose text cannot be extracted mechanically, so nothing is claimed from them here. The 25 question figure comes from driver training sources only, so the 20 of 25 label is a confirmed 80 percent applied to an unconfirmed length and verifiedNumbers stays false.

The rest of the licensing picture