What does a permit and a license actually cost?

Permit, license, test and REAL ID by state

Amounts are quoted as the agency states them, conditions included, because the conditions are usually where the real cost hides. Where a state publishes one combined figure rather than a breakdown, it sits under the state name instead of being split across columns by us.

Where the record is incomplete

One note per jurisdiction with an empty cell, saying what was looked for. These are the rows to help with: an official fee page for any of them and the figure goes in, with a new date against it.

• Alabama

  The ALEA fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else ALEA does not publish: ALEA does not publish the question count or the passing score for the Class D knowledge test. Re-checked 28 August 2026 by reading the ALEA Driver Manual (December 2024 edition, the current edition posted at alea.gov) in full: its Knowledge Test section gives only the $5 per attempt fee, the no-checks rule, the subject matter, and a note that automated testing is available to all applicants, with no question count or passing score anywhere in the document. Also checked the same day: the Document Requirements and Fees page at https://www.alea.gov/dps/driver-license/document-requirements-and-fees (permit and license fees, no test format), the Graduated Driver License page at https://www.alea.gov/dps/driver-license/license-and-id-cards/graduated-driver-license (confirms the 50 hour supervised driving requirement and the 6 month holding period, no test format), the STAR ID FAQ (no REAL ID surcharge stated either way), and Alabama Administrative Code chapters 760-X-1 and 760-X-20 at https://admincode.legislature.state.al.us. Alabama runs no official online practice test that would state the format. The 30 question and 24 correct figures used on this page remain the common prep-industry numbers and carry no ALEA confirmation.

• Arkansas

  The ASP fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a permit fee, a license fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else ASP does not publish: Partly confirmed. Re-checked 28 August 2026, this time reading the Arkansas Driver License Study Guide (Arkansas State Police, September 2024 printing) in full: it confirms the $5 per written examination fee under Act 1289 of 2015, the 2 year Instruction Permit validity, the 14 year minimum age, and the 6 month restricted period on both the Learner's License and the Intermediate License, but nowhere states the number of questions or the passing score for the real knowledge exam, and sets no required number of supervised driving hours, only the 6 month holding clock. Also checked the same day: the DFA Licenses, IDs and Permits pages, the Non-Commercial Information and Real ID pages (no REAL ID surcharge stated, no dollar figure published for the Instruction Permit itself), and Arkansas Code 27-16-804. Also previously confirmed on 27 August 2026: the Arkansas State Police official practice test, linked from https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/driver-examination/official-arkansas-driver-license-practice-test/ and served from https://quiz.ark.org/quiz/1, builds every attempt from 25 questions chosen at random out of the ASP driver license knowledge test and the study guide. NOT confirmed: the ASP nowhere publishes the question count or the passing score of the real written exam, and no dollar fee is published for the Instruction Permit or the Learner's/Intermediate License beyond the $5 exam charge. The 20 of 25 pass mark and 25 question count shown here remain prep-industry figures with no ASP confirmation.

• California

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Connecticut

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Delaware

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Delaware Division of Motor Vehicles pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Florida

  FLHSMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Georgia

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Georgia Department of Driver Services pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

  What else DDS does not publish: Confirmed with Georgia DDS: the exam is two separate 20 question tests, Road Signs and Road Rules, each needing a minimum score of 15 out of 20 to pass. Georgia publishes no single combined figure, so the 40 questions and 30 correct stored above are a composite total used only for comparison across states, not an official single pass threshold.

• Hawaii

  The HDOT fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else HDOT does not publish: Confirmed 28 August 2026, with one named discrepancy left on the record. The pass mark sits in state law: Hawaii Administrative Rules section 19-122-10(f), in the Department of Transportation's own rule text at https://hidot.hawaii.gov/highways/files/2020/10/19-122-Ramseyer-8-3-20-FB.pdf, provides that an applicant has passed a knowledge test once at least eighty per cent of the questions have been answered correctly, and subsection (a) of the same section covers original Class 3 car applicants (subsection (a) itself sets only a floor of not less than twenty five general questions). For the question count, the City and County of Honolulu, Department of Customer Services, which issues most of the state's permits, states 30 questions independently on two different official pages: the online permit test page at https://www.honolulu.gov/csd/online-permit-test/ (twice, with a one hour limit), and the Graduated Driver Licensing Program page at https://www.honolulu.gov/csd/graduated-driver-licensing-program-gdl/, which separately instructs applicants to pass a 30 question multiple-choice written examination. That second page was not part of the earlier 27 August check and is what moves this from an estimate to a confirmed figure. A state Department of Transportation page for the same online test, https://hidot.hawaii.gov/online-learners-permit-test/, still describes it as 25 questions, and the 2023 Hawaii Driver's Manual published by HDOT gives no count at all, so that one discrepancy remains unresolved between the state DOT page and the county that actually administers the test. A total supervised practice-hour count is not published on the county pages we could read: Hawaii's GDL rules require a state-certified driver education course with classroom and behind-the-wheel completion certificates for applicants aged 16 to 17, but no specific hour total is named, so that field is omitted here rather than estimated.

• Idaho

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Illinois

  SOS publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

  What else SOS does not publish: Illinois already meets verifiedNumbers (35 questions, 28 to pass, confirmed 27 August 2026 against 92 Ill. Adm. Code 1030.80(b) and the Rules of the Road Review Course workbook, form DSD DS 9). This pass, 28 August 2026, restructured permitValidity, minimumPermitAge, permitHoldingPeriodMonths, supervisedHours, retakeRule, and onlineTesting from that same already-confirmed record rather than a fresh visit: both www.ilga.gov and www.ilsos.gov (and the cyberdriveillinois.com alias) refused every connection attempted today, returning a WAF Access Denied page in the browser and HTTP 403 or a direct connection refusal to a fetch tool, across roughly a dozen attempts on different URLs and both tools. Illinois SOS driver license, instruction permit, and road test dollar fee amounts, and roadTestNotes describing the road test itself, could not be confirmed on an official source this pass and are omitted rather than sourced from the test-prep and cost-estimate blogs that a general web search otherwise surfaced for those numbers. A follow-up pass should retry ilsos.gov or ilga.gov once reachable to add road test notes and confirmed fee figures.

• Indiana

  The BMV fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else BMV does not publish: Pass mark confirmed, question count not published. Officially confirmed: the exam has two multiple choice components, one on traffic signs and one on traffic rules and laws, and an applicant must score 80% or higher on each component separately. That wording appears on the BMV knowledge exam page at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/learners-permits-and-drivers-licenses-overview/learners-permit/knowledge-exam/ and again in Chapter 9 of the Indiana Driver's Manual at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/files/Drivers_Manual_Chapter_9.pdf. Also confirmed from the same page: results are valid 180 days, a failed knowledge exam can be retaken the next business day, a failed skills exam carries a seven day wait, and three skills failures on one permit mean a two month wait. Not confirmed: the 50 question total and the 40 correct figure held in this file, and the 16 sign plus 34 traffic split quoted by prep sites. The full 2026 Indiana Driver's Manual at https://www.in.gov/bmv/licenses-permits-ids/files/drivers-manual.pdf was downloaded and searched end to end. Its Chapter 1 KNOWLEDGE EXAM section gives the exam's purpose, who must take it and the retake rule, but states neither a question count nor a percentage. The only place a count appears anywhere in the manual is Chapter 9, where the for-hire endorsement exam and the motor driven cycle endorsement exam are each described as 25 questions with five allowed wrong. Those are endorsement exams, not the car knowledge exam, which shows the omission for the car exam is deliberate rather than an oversight. Also checked and empty: the BMV Practice Knowledge Examination PDF at https://www.in.gov/bmv/files/practice-knowledge-exam.pdf, the BMV driver education provider resources page, which carries skills test forms only, and the official Indiana FAQ portal at https://faqs.in.gov, whose knowledge exam entries all concern motorcycle endorsements. The BMV would have to supply the component sizes directly. Re-checked 2026-08-28 against the same BMV pages: the 80% per-component pass mark and retake rules stand, and no page states a question count for the car knowledge exam, so the 50 and 40 figures in this file remain an unconfirmed placeholder rather than an official number. Newly confirmed this pass, all from in.gov: the minimum permit age paths, the 180 day (about six month) holding period before a probationary license, the 50 hour and 10 night hour supervised driving requirement with its daylight-only exception, the BMV Fee Chart revised 1/1/26 (learner's permit $9.00, driver's license $17.50 under 75), and the driving skills exam's vehicle inspection and driver-assistance shutoff rules. Not confirmed: the learner's permit's own validity period. The BMV's Learner's Permit and Renewing pages both describe permits as something that "expires" and must be renewed, and the Knowledge Exam page ties a knowledge-exam retake to a permit "expired more than 180 days," but neither page states the permit's total validity duration. A non-official search summary pointed to Indiana Code 9-24-12-0.5 for a two year figure, but iga.in.gov could not be read directly in this session to confirm that citation against the current code text, so no permit validity figure is recorded here. Also not found: a separate REAL ID surcharge on the Fee Chart.

• Iowa

  The Iowa DOT fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else Iowa DOT does not publish: Neither number is published for the real exam, and Iowa's own rules explain why. Iowa Administrative Code 761-604.20(1), read in the current chapter 604 text at https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/chapter/02-19-2025.761.604.pdf, provides that a knowledge test may be revised at any time and that each test states its own minimum passing score. Iowa therefore fixes no statewide question count or pass percentage in rule, so no official source can state one. The same rule confirms two facts used above: 604.20(4) sets the validity of a passing score at 180 days, and 604.20(5) leaves retesting after a failure to the examiner's discretion. Rule 604.22, which formerly covered knowledge test results, was rescinded by ARC 5048C effective 8 July 2020. What Iowa DOT does state, on its Iowa Driver's License Practice Test page at https://iowadot.gov/drivers-licenses-ids/driver-education/manuals-practice-tests/take-practice-test, is that the practice test generates 25 questions drawn at random from a larger group that includes questions from the real knowledge test, and that a score of 80% or higher is needed to pass. That sentence describes the practice test, not the official exam, so the 25 and 20 figures in this file are a best guess anchored to the only official numbers Iowa prints. Also checked and empty on both numbers: the Online Permit Test (Skip the Trip) page, which covers eligibility, the proctor application and the 72 hour link expiry but no test format; Iowa DOT form 431508, Application to Proctor Knowledge Exam, hosted at iowadot.forms.govos.com, which is a signature form with no test description; Chapter 1 of the current Iowa Driver's Manual; and the Prepare for Your Driving Test page. The 35 question and 28 correct figures circulating on prep sites appear in no Iowa DOT source and were not adopted. iowadot.gov and ia.iowadot.gov block automated access behind Cloudflare, so those pages were read through Internet Archive captures dated 4 and 13 August 2026. Re-checked 2026-08-28 directly against the current Iowa Code and Iowa Administrative Code text on legis.iowa.gov (iowadot.gov itself still returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches): 761-604.20 confirms, in its own words, that "a test may be revised at any time but each test states the minimum passing score," that a passing score is valid for 180 days, and that retesting is left to the examiner's discretion, all of which matches the earlier finding and rules out a fixed statewide question count or pass percentage for the operator knowledge test. The 25 and 20 figures in this file remain anchored to the DOT's own practice test rather than to a stated total for the real exam. Newly confirmed this pass, from Iowa Code 321.180B and 321.191: the instruction permit's 4 year validity running to the birthday anniversary in the year of issuance, the 20 hour and 2 night hour supervised driving requirement (with hours defined as "after sunset and before sunrise") before the intermediate license, the $6.00 instruction permit fee, and the noncommercial license fee schedule. Also confirmed, from Iowa Administrative Code 761-604.31: Iowa waives the in-person driving skills test for graduates of an Iowa-approved driver education course other than one taught by a parent, unless a parent, guardian, or instructor requests one; a driving test is never required to obtain the instruction permit itself.

• Kansas

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Kansas Department of Revenue, Division of Vehicles pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Louisiana

  OMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Maine

  BMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Maryland

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Maryland Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Administration pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Massachusetts

  RMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Michigan

  The SOS fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a license fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else SOS does not publish: Neither number is published by the state, so the 50 and 40 figures in this file come from driver training sites rather than the Michigan Department of State and must not be presented as official. Sources checked, all silent on both the count and any percentage: the Secretary of State page for new drivers 18 and older at https://www.michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-18-older, whose collapsed panels for the online and in office knowledge tests were opened and read in full and give only the two section structure and the approximate 45 and 15 minute section timings; the companion page for new drivers under 18 at https://www.michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-under-18; What Every Driver Must Know, which describes the written knowledge and road sign tests without a count or a percentage; the Secretary of State licenses and ID FAQs; the department's 2 July 2025 news release announcing online testing, which confirms the two sections and the retake rules but no count; and the Michigan pages of KnowTo Drive at https://knowtodrive.com/michigan/, the vendor operating the state's official online test, which carry no test format detail at all. Michigan prep sites also contradict one another, variously reporting 50 questions with 40 correct, 50 with 38, and 25 plus 25 with 20 correct on each half, which is consistent with no published figure existing. Confirmed and used above: the two section structure, both sections having to be passed, the roughly 45 and 15 minute timings, the one year validity of a passed test, the 6.50 dollar online fee, the computer and webcam requirements for online testing, two online attempts per calendar day, a failing in office score ending the session and requiring a new appointment, the free in office retest after passing one section and failing the other, the 70% pass mark on both the Segment 1 and the Segment 2 state exams, and enrolment in Segment 1 opening at 14 years and 8 months. michigan.gov refuses automated fetches with HTTP 403, so these pages were read in a real browser session. Re-checked 2026-08-28 directly on michigan.gov/sos/license-id/new-drivers-under-18 (michigan.gov still returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, so this pass used a live browser session, as the prior pass did): the two-section, 45 and 15 minute structure and the absence of a published question count or pass percentage both stand. Newly confirmed this pass: the Level 1 License runs until age 18 rather than for a fixed term; the 14 years 9 months minimum age and 14 years 8 months Segment 1 enrollment age; the six consecutive month hold at both the Level 1 to Level 2 and Level 2 to Level 3 steps; the staged supervised-hours structure of 30 hours (2 at night) before Segment 2 and 50 hours (10 at night) before the driving skills test; the $25.00 Level 1 licensing fee; and, from the driving skills test page, that driver-activated systems such as self-parking or self-driving features must be switched off for the test. Not confirmed: the standard first-time or renewal operator license fee and any REAL ID surcharge amount. MCL 257.811, the statute that sets those fees, is hosted on legislature.mi.gov, which blocked this session's access outright ("Attack blocked by web application protection"), and no Michigan Department of State page checked in either pass states those figures directly.

• Minnesota

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Driver and Vehicle Services Division pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Mississippi

  The DPS fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else DPS does not publish: Pass mark confirmed, question count not. The 80 percent grade is official: the Mississippi Administrative Code, Title 31 Part 1, Driver Services Administrative Code, Rule 2.3(9) (https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000383c.pdf) requires a grade of 80 percent on any and all tests issued for a Temporary Permit and states that the questions are taken from the Mississippi Driver Manual. No Mississippi source gives a question count. Checked in full and rejected as sources for a count: the current Driver's License Manual revised 1.15.2025 (https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/sites/default/files/2025-02/1.15.2025%20Revised%20MDPS%20Driver's%20Manual.pdf), whose section titled The Examination defines the Computerized Exam without a count or a percentage; the earlier 2023 manual; the whole of the Driver Services Administrative Code, where the only numeric test rules are the road test retest waits; the Driver Service Bureau's Regular Learner's Permit page (https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Drivers/Learners_Permit), its Class R page and its frequently asked questions page; and the Mississippi PEER Committee's review of the DPS Driver Service Bureau, report 638, which covers knowledge testing operations but never states the test length. The 30 question and 24 correct figures kept here so a practice test can run come from driver training sites, not from Mississippi. Everything else in this record, including the fee table, the fifteen year old minimum age, the one year permit hold, the two year exam validity, the age twenty-one supervision rule, the fifty hour affidavit, the out-of-state exam waiver, the six month ban after cheating and the July 1, 2027 driver education requirement, was read directly from Mississippi DPS documents. Revisited 28 August 2026 against the Driver Service Bureau's Class R and Learner's Permit pages: still no published question count, but that visit did confirm in the agency's own words that no road test is required for a regular license, and surfaced the Waiver of Road Test Affidavit filed by 16 year old applicants, both now recorded in roadTestNotes.

• Missouri

  DOR publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Montana

  The MVD fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else MVD does not publish: Pass thresholds confirmed, question count only inferred. The Administrative Rules of Montana 23.3.121 (https://rules.mt.gov/gateway/ruleno.asp?RN=23.3.121) is the active version, effective 15 July 1983 to the present, and it sets the written test scoring: the maximum score for each written test is 100 percent, a wrong answer costs 5 points on the operator rules test with a minimum passing score of 75, a wrong answer costs 10 points on the signs test with a minimum passing score of 80, a wrong answer costs 3.3 points on the chauffeur rules test with a minimum passing score of 76.9, and on the combined operator and signs test 7 or fewer wrong is a pass. No question count is stated anywhere in the rule. The 20 and 10 question figures, and so the 30 question combined test used here so a practice test can run, are arithmetic from those point deductions rather than a published count, so treat them as an informed inference. Everything else in subchapter 23.3.1 was reviewed, including 23.3.111 on examination procedures and standards, 23.3.112 on the order of steps in examining, 23.3.118 on the vision test, 23.3.124 on road test scoring, 23.3.126 on retest limits and 23.3.145 on examiner duties, and none gives a written test length. Both official manuals were read end to end and give none either: the Montana Driver Manual and the 2023 Adapted Illustrated Montana Driver Manual (https://opi.mt.gov/Portals/182/Page%20Files/Driver%20Education/2023.Revision.Adapted.Illustrated.Montana.Driver.Manual.pdf), which describes the written test only as a check on knowledge of safe driving, traffic laws, rules and signs. Two caveats worth knowing: rule 23.3.121 dates from 1983 and still refers to a chauffeur rules test that Montana no longer issues, so the modern computerised exam may not map onto it exactly, and dojmt.gov sits behind Cloudflare and refuses every automated and browser request from outside the United States, so the Department of Justice licensing pages could not be read directly and the manuals were taken from the Montana Office of Public Instruction, which publishes them for the state traffic education programme. Revisited 28 August 2026: dojmt.gov still refuses the request and gave no new source. That visit also turned up driving-test prep sites publishing an unsourced 33 question, 27 correct, 82 percent format found in no Montana rule, manual, or state document, which this record does not use for the same reason the unrelated 82 percent figure above was already rejected.

• Nebraska

  The DMV fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a license fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

• Nevada

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• New Hampshire

  No fee figure could be confirmed on New Hampshire Division of Motor Vehicles pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• New Jersey

  MVC publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• New Mexico

  The MVD fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee.

  What else MVD does not publish: The pass mark is confirmed, the question count is not. Section E of Chapter 11 of the MVD Driver Procedures Manual, at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-11-road-and-written-test-requirements/, states that all class D and M written test scores must be 70 percent or better, and the same chapter confirms the eight testing languages and the one week wait after a failed road test. It gives no question count. Five further official pages were read in full with the same result: Chapter 3 on instructional permits at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/chapter-3-instructional-permit/, the learner permit page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/nm-drivers-licenses-ids/drivers-license/apply-for-a-learners-permit/, the driver license page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/nm-drivers-licenses-ids/drivers-license/, the MVD frequently asked questions page at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/resources/frequently-asked-questions/, and the full text of the official New Mexico Driver Manual PDF at https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/English-Drivers-Manualver11.19.19.pdf, whose only reference to the exam is that a permit applicant must pass the knowledge test. 18.19.5 NMAC was also checked; its only written test percentage is the 80 percent bar it sets for commercial knowledge tests. Two unofficial counts circulate and neither is an MVD publication: driver training sites say 25 questions, while MVD Now, a private New Mexico MVD partner office, says 28 on its knowledge exam page at https://www.mvdnow.com/knowledge-exam/. This file therefore keeps 25 questions and 18 correct purely as a runnable default. The MVD server sits behind a CloudFront rule that blocks requests from outside the United States, so every MVD page and the manual were read through Wayback Machine captures of those official URLs on 27 August 2026. A follow up pass on 28 August 2026 reached the same MVD pages through a text extraction proxy, since MVD's CloudFront rule again blocked direct access and this session's Wayback Machine access was unavailable. That pass confirmed the four year permit validity, the fifteen year minimum age, the six month hold before a provisional license, the fifty hour and ten night hour supervised driving requirement, the ten dollar permit fee, the eighteen and thirty four dollar license fees with no separate REAL ID line, and that no MVD page names an online knowledge testing option. The question count and no sign specific scoring rule remain unconfirmed on any MVD page.

• New York

  No fee figure could be confirmed on New York Department of Motor Vehicles pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• North Carolina

  The NCDMV fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee.

  What else NCDMV does not publish: The pass mark is confirmed, the question count is not. North Carolina rule 19A NCAC 03B .0201, published by the state Office of Administrative Hearings at http://reports.oah.state.nc.us/ncac/title%2019a%20-%20transportation/chapter%2003%20-%20division%20of%20motor%20vehicles/subchapter%20b/19a%20ncac%2003b%20.0201.html and readopted 1 November 2021, requires 80 percent of the knowledge questions to be answered correctly and requires a regular Class C applicant to identify 9 of 12 road signs on the separate sign examination. The NCDOT copy of the same rule at https://www.ncdot.gov/about-us/how-we-operate/policy-process/rules/Documents/19b-ncac-03b-201.pdf was read line by line and carries identical wording, with no question count anywhere in it. Three further official sources give no count either: the NCDMV driver license tests page at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Pages/driver-license-tests.aspx, the full text of the official North Carolina Driver Handbook PDF at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Documents/nc-driver-handbook.pdf, whose Knowledge Test section runs to two sentences and mentions only subject matter and audio testing, and the NCDMV sample test questions page at https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Pages/test.aspx, which offers nine illustrative questions and never claims to match the real exam length. All checked 27 August 2026. The 25 question figure here comes from driver education sources; the confirmed 80 percent bar applied to 25 questions gives the 20 correct shown. A follow up pass on 28 August 2026 read G.S. 20-11 and G.S. 20-7 in full and confirmed the 15 year minimum age, the nine month Level One hold, the 60 hour and 10 night hour driving log, the permit's validity until age 18, the $25.50 permit fee, the $6.50 per year license fee, and that NCDMV lists no REAL ID surcharge and no online testing option for the knowledge or sign tests. The question count and any per attempt retake fee or cap remain unconfirmed on an official page.

• North Dakota

  The NDDOT fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else NDDOT does not publish: NDDOT does not publish the question count or the pass mark. Checked the learner's permit page at https://www.dot.nd.gov/driver/how-apply-learners-permit, the NDDOT driver landing page at https://www.dot.nd.gov/driver, the driver license requirements page at https://www.dot.nd.gov/driver/driver-license-requirements, and the full text of the official Noncommercial Driver License Manual revised 2025 at https://www.dot.nd.gov/sites/www/files/documents/Drivers%20-%20documents/noncommercial-manual.pdf, which NDDOT itself links as the Online Study Guide. Its Check List for Testing covers identification, arrival times and banned items and stops there. Also checked the KnowTo Drive North Dakota FAQ at https://knowtodrive.com/northdakota-faq/, the platform NDDOT names as its only official online knowledge test, plus N.D.C.C. 39-06-13 on examination of applicants and North Dakota Administrative Code chapter 37-03 on driver's licensing, whose examination language is about medical fitness rather than test format. Those sources do confirm the $5 per attempt office fee with one attempt per day, the $10 online fee, the 60 minute online limit, the 24 hour online retake rule, the 14 testing languages and the parent certification requirement, but not one of them says how many questions the Class D knowledge test contains or how many correct answers it takes to pass. The 25 question, 20 correct figures here come from driver testing sources and are a runnable default only, checked 27 August 2026. A follow up pass on 28 August 2026 read North Dakota Century Code 39-06-04 and 39-06-13 in full at https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t39c06.pdf and confirmed the 14 year minimum age, the twelve month permit hold for applicants under 16, and the online exam's $10 fee and parental certification rule. Neither that statute nor NDDOT's own pages state an instruction permit expiration date or a REAL ID surcharge separate from the $15 license fee, so permitValidity and a REAL ID line item are omitted rather than guessed. The road test waiver conditions were confirmed on NDDOT's own waiver page at https://www.dot.nd.gov/driver/requirements-north-dakota-road-test-waiver-authorization.

• Ohio

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Oregon

  Oregon DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Pennsylvania

  PennDOT publishes one combined figure rather than a breakdown, so it appears under the state name instead of being split across columns by us.

• Rhode Island

  The RI DMV fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a license fee, a knowledge test fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else RI DMV does not publish: Confirmed by the RI DMV: the question count. The Rhode Island Driver's Manual (https://dmv.ri.gov/media/966/download?language=en) sets the computerized knowledge exam at 40 multiple choice questions with a 90 minute maximum. Reconfirmed 2026-08-28 against the DMV's own Knowledge Exams page (https://dmv.ri.gov/licenses-permits-ids/permits-tests/knowledge-exams) and New License Permits page (https://dmv.ri.gov/licenses-permits-ids/permits-tests/new-license-permits), which confirm the Cranston testing site, the English, Spanish and Portuguese options, the printed foreign language exam process, the 8 day wait after a failure, the 1 year permit validity, the 6 month holding period, and the 50 hour (10 at night) supervised driving requirement. Not confirmed by the DMV: the pass mark. Neither page states a percentage or a minimum number of correct answers, and the live DMV site sits behind a bot check that blocked a direct re-read of the manual PDF today. The only state source that gives a figure is the Community College of Rhode Island, which administers the RI DMV Knowledge Test as the final exam of the mandatory driver education course and tells students they need a passing score of 70 percent (https://www.ccri.edu/workforce/transportation/DriverEd.html). The 28 of 40 shown here is that 70 percent applied to the DMV's confirmed 40 questions, so it rests on CCRI rather than on the DMV and verifiedNumbers stays false until the DMV publishes the mark itself. Also not confirmed: a fixed permit fee for applicants 18 and older, or any knowledge test retake fee; only the under 18 Limited Instruction Permit fee of $13.50 was found on the fee schedule checked today.

• South Carolina

  The SCDMV fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a license fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else SCDMV does not publish: Confirmed by SCDMV: the pass mark of 80 percent. It appears on SCDMV's own Driver's License Practice Exam at https://apps.sc.gov/DLPracticeExam/regdl/startexam, where the score screen states that 80 percent or higher is needed to pass the exam (checked 2026-08-27). Also confirmed by SCDMV, rechecked 2026-08-28: the $2 per knowledge test fee and the $2.50 beginner's permit fee, the minimum age of 15, and the 180 day and 30 day holding periods, all on the Beginner's Permit page (https://dmv.sc.gov/driver-services/drivers-license/beginner-permits); the 40 hour, 10 hours at night supervised driving requirement, which is sourced correctly to the Teenage Drivers page (https://dmv.sc.gov/driver-services/drivers-license/teenage-drivers) rather than the Beginner's Permit page; and the rule on the Driving Tests page that the knowledge test may be taken at any branch with no manuals or electronic devices in the testing area. Because the 80 percent sentence sits on a practice exam score screen rather than on a licensing page, it is treated as strong but informal. Not confirmed: the number of questions. SCDMV states it nowhere. The current Driver's Manual PDF (dmv.sc.gov/sites/scdmv/files/2026-04/Driver's Manual.pdf) was downloaded and its full text searched today, all 141 pages, and the word question does not appear anywhere in it, nor does the phrase knowledge test; it is pure rules of the road content with no exam logistics. The governing statutes at https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t56c001.php (S.C. Code 56-1-130 and 56-1-15) fix what the examination must cover without fixing a length or a score, and a search of that statute chapter's text for the word hours turns up no 40 hour supervised driving requirement either, confirming that rule lives on the DMV's Teenage Drivers page and its DL-008A and DMVB-35 forms, not in the code. The 30 question figure comes from driver education sources only, so it is carried as a best known default and verifiedNumbers stays false. Also not confirmed today: how long the beginner's permit itself stays valid before it must be renewed, and the fee for a full Class D license or a REAL ID surcharge; no SCDMV page checked today states those figures.

• South Dakota

  The SD DPS fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else SD DPS does not publish: Confirmed by SD DPS: the pass mark. The Driver License Testing Information page (https://www.sd.gov/dps?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB0043731) states plainly, in its 'How do I get my driver's license?' answer, that applicants must pass a knowledge test with a score of 80% or higher and applies the same 80 percent bar to the driving test. The same page, rechecked 2026-08-28, confirms testing is by appointment, that no sample test is offered, the next working day retest rule, the three attempts per fee inside a six month period, and a 30 day wait after a serious road test infraction. The Driver Licensing Information for Teen Drivers and Parents page (KB0043735, rechecked 2026-08-28) confirms the age 14 permit, the 275 and 180 day holding periods, and the 50 hour supervised driving requirement with 10 hours at night and 10 in inclement weather. Not confirmed: the number of questions. The current South Dakota Driver's License Manual was downloaded and its full text searched today, all 72 pages, and the word question does not appear anywhere in it, nor does 80% or the word pass; it is pure rules of the road content with no exam logistics. The teen graduated licensing brochure does not give a count either, and the DPS application form records the non commercial knowledge result only as pass, fail or waived. The 25 question figure comes from driver education sources only, so it is carried as a best known default and verifiedNumbers stays false. Also not confirmed: a fixed validity period for the Instruction Permit itself; the teen driver page describes the holding period and hour requirements but not an expiration date. One practical trap for anyone rechecking this: the Driver's License Manual link on the DPS testing page serves the driver license application form, not the manual. The working manual link is on the manuals article at https://www.sd.gov/dps?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB0043733.

• Tennessee

  DOSHS publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Texas

  No fee figure could be confirmed on Texas Department of Public Safety pages. Amounts for this state circulate widely on test preparation sites, and none of them traces back to a published fee schedule we could read, so this row stays empty.

• Utah

  DLD publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Vermont

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Virginia

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Washington

  DOL publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• West Virginia

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Wisconsin

  DMV publishes the figure shown and nothing else in this row. There is no full fee schedule on the pages we read, so the remaining columns stay open rather than being filled from a third party site.

• Wyoming

  The WYDOT fee page we read publishes the rest of this row but does not state a knowledge test fee, whether a REAL ID card costs any more.

  What else WYDOT does not publish: Confirmed by WYDOT: the pass mark of 80 percent. The Driver Services re examination page (https://www.dot.state.wy.us/home/driver_license_records/driver_Review/re-examinations.html) states that the written test must be passed with a minimum score of 80 percent in order to proceed to the driving skills test, and adds that a paper test may be given to applicants who are uncomfortable with computers (rechecked 2026-08-28). The Testing page and Frequently Asked Questions page, also rechecked 2026-08-28, confirm two attempts at the same written test in one day, the Class C permit and license fee of $45 ($40 plus a $5 technology fee), and that there is no separate testing fee. The Learner Permits page confirms the age 15 minimum, the 1 year permit validity, the 10 day hold before full driving privileges, and the 50 hour (10 at night) supervised driving requirement for the intermediate permit. Not confirmed: the number of questions. The WYDOT testing page, the driver licensing FAQ page and the correct current 2021 Wyoming Class C driver manual (the 20.48 MB file at dot.state.wy.us; a similarly named file is the separate 6.32 MB motorcycle manual) all describe the written test without a count. That Class C manual's full text was searched today, all 98 pages, and neither question nor 80% nor the missing 13 or more questions retake detail recorded in an earlier pass of this file could be located in its machine readable text, so that detail could not be independently reconfirmed today; it is left in place rather than removed since nothing contradicts it, and it may sit in a graphic panel that text extraction cannot read. The 2012 filed WYDOT licensing rules at https://wyoleg.gov/arules/2012/rules/ARR24-032.pdf are a scanned image whose text cannot be extracted mechanically, so nothing is claimed from them here. The 25 question figure comes from driver training sources only, so the 20 of 25 label is a confirmed 80 percent applied to an unconfirmed length and verifiedNumbers stays false.

The rest of the licensing picture